Library Plutarch Of Isis and Osiris

§60: And in general, Typhon is the prevailing power, as both Plato and Aristotle

60. And in general, Typhon is the prevailing power, as both Plato and Aristotle insinuate. Moreover, the generative and salutary part of nature hath its motion towards him, in order to procure being; but the destroying and corruptive part hath its motion from him, in order to procure not-being. For which reason they call the former part Isis, from going (ἴεσθαι) and being borne-along with knowledge, she being a kind of a living and prudent motion. For her name is not of a barbarous original; but, as all the Gods have one name (θεός) in common, and that is derived from the two words, θέων (_running_) and θεατός (_visible_); so also this very Goddess is both from motion and science at once called Isis by us and Isis also by the Egyptians. So likewise Plato tells us, that the ancients called οὐσία (_being_) ἰσία (_knowledge_), as also that νόησις (_intelligence_) and φρόνησις (_prudence_) had their names given them for being a φορά (_agitation_) and motion of νοῦς (_mind_), which was then, as it were, ἱέμενος and φερόμενος (_set in motion_ and _borne-along_); and the like he affirmeth of συνιέναι (_to understand_), that it was as much as to say “to be in commotion.”[30] Nay he saith, moreover, that they attribute the very names of ἀγαθόν (_good_) and ἀρετή (_virtue_) to the ideas of _running_ (θέω) and of _ever-flowing_ (ἀεὶ ῥέω)[31] which they imply; as likewise, on the other hand again, they used terms opposite to motion by way of reproach; for they called what clogged, tied up, locked up, and confined nature from agitation and motion κακία (_baseness_ or _ill motion_), ἀπορία (_difficulty_ or _difficult motion_), δειλία (_fearfulness_ or _fearful motion_) and ἀνία (_sorrow_ or _want of motion_).

English translation by William Baxter (Philalethes), in Plutarch’s Essays and Miscellanies, Vol. IV (Goodwin collected edition). Public domain. Digital text via Project Gutenberg #79588. (Goodwin’s 1874 Morals tradition; this volume prints Baxter’s Isis and Osiris.)