By Water & Blood

Lemma

σαβαώθ

Sabaoth

Hosts. The Greek spelling of the Hebrew plural צְבָאוֹת, left untranslated in the New Testament title.

Forms

  • σαβαώθ Sabaoth G4519. Indeclinable. The plural of the Hebrew title, written in Greek letters.
  • hosts tsava A company mustered under command. It can be an army, a term of service, or the host of heaven. This Bible prints the divine title with hosts.
  • κύριος kyrios Lord. The usual Greek noun for lord, master, or Sir, and for the Lord in divine address.
  • יהוה Yahweh

σαβαώθ is Hebrew צְבָאוֹת written in Greek. The Greek Old Testament often leaves the plural untranslated in the divine title. The New Testament keeps that spelling in two lines.

Romans 9:29 quotes Isaiah 1:9. Isaiah reads “Yahweh of hosts.” Romans prints “the Lord of hosts.” The Greek is κύριος σαβαώθ. Lord is κύριος. Hosts is this word. Jacob 5:4 has the same pair.

Other Greek renderings of the Hebrew title use παντοκράτωρ, Almighty, or τῶν δυνάμεων, of the powers. Those are different words. Hebrew “hosts” from צָבָא links at צָבָא.

In this Bible, “hosts” links here only in the verses where the Greek is σαβαώθ.

Strong’s

Strong’s dictionaries compiled by Open Scriptures, used under CC-BY-SA 4.0.

σαβαώθ G4519

sabaṓth

armies; sabaoth (i.e. tsebaoth), a military epithet of God

of Hebrew origin (H06635 in feminine plural);

KJV glosses: sabaoth

Thayer’s

Joseph Henry Thayer, Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (1889). Public-domain digital text.

σαβαώθ G4519

sabaṓth

σαβαώθ (Hebrew צְבָאות, plural of צָבָא, an army): κύριος σαβαώθ (צְבָאות יְהוָה) (A. V. Lord of Sabaoth), i. e. lord of the armies namely, of Israel, as those who under the leadership and protection of Jehovah maintain his cause in war (cf. Schrader, Ueber d. ursprüngl. Sinn des Gottesnamens Jahve Zebaoth, in the Jahrbb. f. protest. Theol. for 1875, p. 316ff, and in Schenkel see 702f; cf. Herm. Schultz, Alttest. Theol. ii., p. 96ff; (B. D. under the word, the Lord of. But for the other view, according to which the heavenly hosts arc referred to, see Hackett in B. D., American edition, under the phrase,, Lord of, and Delitzsch in the Luth. Zeitschr. for 1874, pp. 217ff; so Riehm (HWB, under the word Zebaoth) as respects the use of the sphrase by the prophets). On the diverse interpretations of the word cf. Oehler in Herzog xviii., p. 400ff (and in his O. T. Theol. (edited by Day) § 195f; cf. T. K. Cheyne, Isaiah, edition 3 vol. i. 11f)): Rom 9:29; Jas 5:4.